The phrase "go up" is used because Bethel is higher in elevation than Shechem.
"Build an altar there to me, your God"
"said to his family"
"Throw away your idols" or "Get rid of your false gods"
This was the custom of cleansing oneself morally and physically before going to worship God.
Putting on a new clothes was a sign that they had made themselves clean before approaching God.
"that were in their possession" or "that they had"
"their earrings." Possible meanings are 1) the gold in the earrings could have been used to make more idols or 2) they took these earrings from the city of Shechem after they attacked it and killed all the people. The earrings would have reminded them of their sin.
"God made the people in the surrounding cities afraid of Jacob and those with him"
Here "cities" stands for the people who live in the cities.
"Jacob's family" or "Jacob's household"
This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in Genesis 28:19.
Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name El Bethel means 'God of Bethel.'"
This is the name of a woman.
A nurse is a woman who takes care of another woman's child. The nurse was highly honored and important to the family.
Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Allon Bakuth means 'Oak tree where there is weeping.'"
"After Jacob left Paddan Aram, and while he was in Bethel"
Here "bless" means to pronounce a formal blessing on someone and to cause good things to happen to that person.
"but your name will no longer be Jacob"
"God said to Jacob"
God told Jacob to produce children so that there would be many of them. The word "multiply" explains how he was to be "fruitful."
Here "nation" and "nations" refer to Jacob's descendants who will establish these nations.
"God left him"
This is a memorial pillar which was simply a large stone or boulder set up on its end.
This is a sign that he is dedicating the pillar to God.
Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Bethel means 'house of God.'"
This is another name for the town of Bethlehem.
"She was having a very difficult time giving birth to the child"
"When the labor pain was at its worst"
a person who helps a woman when she is giving birth to a child
"Just before she died, as she was taking her last breath"
Translator may add a footnote that says "The name Ben-Oni means 'son of my sorrow.'"
Translator may add a footnote that says "The name Benjamin means 'son of the right hand.'" The phrase "right hand" indicates a place of special favor.
"they buried her"
"alongside the road"
"It marks Rachel's grave to the time that the author was writing this"
Some English translations understand this phrase as a proper name, either "Migdal Eder" or "the tower of Eder."
"had sexual relations with"
This sentence begins a new paragraph, which continues into the following verses.
This is the name of Leah's female servant. See how you translated this name in Genesis 29:24.
"who were born to him in Paddan Aram, except Benjamin who was born in the land of Canaan"
Here "came" can be stated as "went."
This was another name for the city of Hebron. It may have been named after Mamre, the friend of Abraham who lived there.
This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in Genesis 23:2.
"he joined his family members who had already died"
"after he had lived a very long time and was very old"